What does a surge protector do?

A surge protector primarily functions to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes. Sudden increases in voltage, often caused by issues such as lightning strikes, power surges, or electrical faults, can damage sensitive electronics. A surge protector works by diverting excessive voltage away from connected devices, preventing overload and maintaining safe operating levels, which can help prolong the life of electronic equipment and prevent failures.

While regulating the flow of current, improving energy efficiency, and increasing electrical conductivity are related aspects of electrical systems, they do not encapsulate the main purpose of a surge protector, which is specifically focused on safeguarding devices from harmful voltage increases.