What type of electrode is used as the active electrode in cataphoresis?

In cataphoresis, the active electrode used is the anode. This process involves the application of a direct current to introduce positively charged ions into the skin. When using cataphoresis, the anode attracts negatively charged ions from the solution being applied to the skin, allowing for deeper penetration of these ions.

The mechanism behind cataphoresis is based on the principle that like charges repel and opposite charges attract. Since the anode is positively charged, it draws the negatively charged ions toward it, facilitating their movement through the skin's barrier. This makes the anode essential in the application of cataphoresis for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes.

In contrast, the cathode is negatively charged and is not used as the active electrode in this process, while inactive electrodes do not participate in the ionization process. Grounding electrodes serve a different purpose related to safety and electrical stability rather than ion delivery. Thus, the anode is critical in achieving the desired effects of cataphoresis.